Aakar Patel | Trump’s real goal: To end conflicts in Ukraine, Mideast to focus on China?
To begin, what does Donald Trump want? On the surface, it is hard to tell because he talks so much and so casually about so many things
What is one to write about just after America’s President scolds Ukraine's leader about gambling with world war?
In November 2024, only three months ago, it was reported that the Biden administration “allowed” Ukraine to use US-made missiles to attack deep inside Russia to escalate the war. After this, Reuters ran a report: “Biden risking World War 3 with missile decision, says Russian lawmaker”.
A month before that, October 2024, the head of the largest US bank was quoted in a headline: “Western power is at risk and there could be a World War 3, says JP Morgan CEO”. He was referring not only to the Ukraine war but also the genocide in Gaza and the rise of China as being trigger events for something wider.
So, the circus that unfolded at the famous Oval Office in the White House on Friday was not the only time that we have been discussing the potential obliteration of humankind.
What is one to make of this? Let us try to see if some sense can be made of what is going on.
To begin, what does Donald Trump want? On the surface, it is hard to tell because he talks so much and so casually about so many things. His detractors say this is because he is stupid and mercurial, but it is difficult to square this with a person who won the US presidency twice. Let us assume he knows what he is doing.
The view that appears to be most coherent is that the real target of the US President is China. He wants to handicap its rise so that it does not equal the US in power. He wants the dollar to remain the only reserve global currency and he wants China to cede some ground on manufacturing and exports back to the US.
And so, all of his larger actions should be seen, going by this view, from the China lens.
China is due to equal and then exceed the US economy over the next couple of decades if past growth rates hold. Mr Trump doesn’t want to allow that. His first term’s tariffs and other restrictions that came under Joe Biden on China, like the ban on high-end computer chips with the naked desire that China not progress technologically, are the largest part of that plan. In this term, Mr Trump added 10 per cent additional tariffs on all Chinese goods coming into the US and then another 10 per cent that is due to come into effect this week. He said he could go as high as 60 per cent. This will bring high levels of uncertainty and turbulence in China and also the US because many industries are intertwined. Several people have said directly to Mr Trump this will affect American consumers as much as it will the Chinese companies but he has repeatedly waved this concern off.
His open threat to Brics against using currencies other than the dollar is another part of the plan to keep China under control.
Under this view, to continue its logic, the US involvement in Ukraine and the Middle East is a distraction which has to end quickly so that the main business of China can be focused on. China is America’s only peer competitor, not Russia and not anybody else. Therefore it makes little sense to be diverted from the overall mission.
The two years of continuous and murderous bombing of Gaza ended with a peace deal Mr Trump forced on Israel in January, and now it seems like Ukraine will have to capitulate to Russia after the ending of US backing.
If this view is correct, after that happens, meaning after Russia has prevailed over Ukraine, there will be sharper US focus on China. But if that’s the case, why is Mr Trump also going after America’s largest trading partners and allies and Mexico and Canada?
Under this view that we have assumed to be Mr Trump’s, the suggestion is that it is a continuation of his desire to keep America ahead of China. The tariffs have introduced a level of chaos and uncertainty in global markets and that always leads to a strengthening of the dollar, as we are witnessing.
The only counter here is that a stronger dollar then makes it even harder for the US to export its manufactures and the trade deficits Mr Trump wants to reduce remain in place. Perhaps Mr Trump has thought about this also, and perhaps he has not. We shall see: four years is a long time.
The larger question is how China will react. China has not got where it has today because it was the beneficiary of external largesse. It has a large and talented population that has moved its economy and industry up the value chain faster than any nation in history over a period of just 40 years. It will defend its position and it will do what it can to first equal and then overtake the US. China’s ambitions cannot be determined by America.
China’s leader cannot be summoned to the White House king’s court and scolded and forced to bend the knee as other allies have been made to do. And as recent developments in artificial intelligence, and the growth of Chinese exports to the rest of the world in 2024 show (China has a $1 trillion trade surplus), the tariffs by themselves may slow but not stop China.
So if this view that Mr Trump’s primary quest is to ensure America retains its global dominance is correct, the ending of the Ukraine war will clear his Oval Office desk to focus on the task at hand. What comes next, whether world war or something else, absolutely nobody knows.
The writer is the chair of Amnesty International India. Twitter: @aakar_patel