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  India   Diabetes on the rise in Chandigarh

Diabetes on the rise in Chandigarh

Published : Mar 18, 2016, 12:49 am IST
Updated : Mar 18, 2016, 12:49 am IST

Chandigarh may be known as a best-planned city in India, but all is not well with the people living at this picturesquely located place at the foothills of Shivaliks.

Chandigarh may be known as a best-planned city in India, but all is not well with the people living at this picturesquely located place at the foothills of Shivaliks. According to the recent government study conducted by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Chandigarh was found to be having an increasing prevalence of diabetes and hypertension as compared to Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra and Jharkhand. With its primary objective to find out the prevalence of prediabetes in these regions, the first phase of study involving 14,277 individuals found prevalence of diabetes (both known and newly diagnosed) in Tamil Nadu at 10.4 per cent, Jharkhand 5.3 per cent, Chandigarh 13.6 per cent and Maharashtra 8.4 per cent. Significantly, the prevalence of prediabetes was 8.3 per cent (Tamil Nadu). , 8.1% (Jharkhand), 14.6% (Chandigarh) and 12.8% (Maharashtra). “Except in Chandigarh, the prevalence of prediabetes was higher in urban areas in all age groups,” revealed the study.

While, the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is increasing worldwide and is a major concern in developing countries like India. The Phase I study on the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia in the four states of Tamil Nadu, Jharkhand, Chandigarh and Maharashtra found that in urban areas, the highest prevalence of hypertension (overall) was observed in Chandigarh (32.6%) and Tamil Nadu (32.3%) followed by 30.5% in both Jharkhand and Maharashtra. In rural areas, however Tamil Nadu had the highest prevalence of hypertension (28%) followed by Maharashtra (24.5%), Jharkhand (22.2%) and Chandigarh (20.4%).

As far as dyslipidemia is concerned, the prevalence of dyslipidemia ranged from 75.7% in urban Maharashtra to 87.2% in urban Chandigarh and 76.5% in rural Tamil Nadu to 81.1% in rural Chandigarh The highest prevalence of obesity (both generalized and abdominal) was seen in urban and rural Chandigarh. In all the regions, prevalence of both generalized and abdominal obesity was higher in urban areas compared to rural areas. In terms of glycemic control, the proportion of diabetic subjects with good glycemic control in urban areas was 30.1%, 34.7%, 29.6% and 31.6% in Tamil Nadu, Jharkhand, Chandigarh and Maharashtra respectively and was 37.5%, 22.2%, 17.0% and 40.0% in rural areas respectively. Urban Jharkhand and rural Maharashtra had the highest proportion of diabetic subjects with good glycemic control.

Regarding awareness of diabetes in the study population, only 58.4% of the urban residents and 36.8% of the rural residents reported that they knew about a condition called diabetes, of these only 65.7% of the urban residents and 51% of the rural residents were aware that diabetes could be prevented. The prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) with and without diabetes was found in both urban and rural areas, the prevalence of CAD was higher among diabetic subjects compared to subjects without diabetes. Significantly, Maharashtra (both urban and rural) had the highest prevalence of CAD among diabetic subjects compared to other regions.

Aimed at determining the national prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes [Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) / Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)] from all the 28 states, National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi and 2 union territories (UTs) including Chandigarh and Puducherry, the ICMR had decided to undertake a nationwide study.

Location: India, Delhi, New Delhi